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Asian Journal of Urology, 2019, 6(4): 339-345    doi: 10.1016/j.ajur.2019.01.005
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Feasibility of en bloc thulium laser enucleation of the prostate in a large case series. Are results enhanced by experience?
Giovanni Saredia,Giacomo Maria Pirolab*(),Francesca Ambrosinia,Simone Barbieric,Lorenzo Bertia,Andrea Pacchettid,Domenico Iovinoe,Giuseppe Iettoe,Letizia Libassie,Giulio Carcanoe
a Department of Urology, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy
b Department of Urology, Usl Toscana Sud Est, San Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy
c Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
d Department of Urology, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
e Department of Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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Abstract: 

Objective: To provide the first large single-operator case series of patients who undergo “en bloc” thulium laser enucleation of the prostate (ThuLEP) and to demonstrate an improvement in enucleation efficacy with experience. Methods: We prospectively evaluated a cohort of patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who underwent “en bloc” ThuLEP between May 2015 and November 2017. Association between dependent variables (delivered energy and operating time) and independent variables (adenoma volume and experience) were estimated with regression analysis. The experience was calculated as the time interval between the date of the first operation of the series and the date of the operation being considered. Results: A total of 100 patients were registered for the study. Median operative time was 56.5 min (interquartile range [IQR]: 40-85 min). Median enucleation time was 17.4 min (IQR: 15-21.5 min). Median enucleation index (enucleation time per adenoma gram) was 0.3 min/g (0.2-0.3 min/g). The overall operative time is not influenced by experience, but we registered a significant trend towards a reduction in the total amount of energy delivered energy normalized per adenoma gram (p = 0.0148). Conclusion: We believe that further attention is needed for these new “en bloc” prostatic enucleation techniques, which can facilitate some surgical steps, leading to a widespread use of laser technology for BPH surgical treatment.

Key words:  Benign prostatic hyperplasia    Endoscopic enucleation of the prostate    Laser surgery    Thulium laser enucleation of the prostate
收稿日期:  2018-03-29      修回日期:  2018-06-28      接受日期:  2018-09-25      出版日期:  2019-02-04      发布日期:  2019-09-23      整期出版日期:  2019-10-20
引用本文:    
. [J]. Asian Journal of Urology, 2019, 6(4): 339-345.
Giovanni Saredi,Giacomo Maria Pirola,Francesca Ambrosini,Simone Barbieri,Lorenzo Berti,Andrea Pacchetti,Domenico Iovino,Giuseppe Ietto,Letizia Libassi,Giulio Carcano. Feasibility of en bloc thulium laser enucleation of the prostate in a large case series. Are results enhanced by experience?. Asian Journal of Urology, 2019, 6(4): 339-345.
链接本文:  
http://www.ajurology.com/CN/10.1016/j.ajur.2019.01.005  或          http://www.ajurology.com/CN/Y2019/V6/I4/339
Parameter en bloc” ThuLEP (n = 100)
Age (year)a 70.00 ± 7.27
Prostatic adenoma volume (mL)b 59 (48, 76)
Prostatic volume in classes, n (min-max)
<60 mL 52 (20-59)
60-79 mL 26 (60-78)
80-99 mL 10 (80-99)
100-120 mL 8 (100-120)
>120 mL 4 (132-167)
Indwelling catheterization, n (%) 24 (26)
IPSS scoreb 26 (21, 30)
QoLb 4 (4, 5)
PSA (ng/mL)a 4.16 ± 8.46
Qmax (mL/s)a 8.58 ± 2.80
PVR (mL)a 70.00 ± 35.00
Preoperative Hb (g/dL)b 14.6 (13.3, 15.5)
  
Parameter en-bloc” ThuLEP (n = 100)
Total surgical time (min)a 56.5 (40, 85)
Enucleation time (min)a 17.4 (15, 21.5)
Delivered energy (J)a 108 652 (88 473, 125 835)
Enucleation index (min/g)a 0.3 (0.2, 0.3)
Energy index (J/g)a 6202.5 (5903.2, 6519.4)
Hemoglobin drop (g/dL)a -1.4 (-1.9, -0.7)
Catheterization (day)ab 1 (1, 12)
Hospital discharge (day)ab 1 (1, 2)
  
Complication, grade Description n Management
Clavien Grade I -
Early urinary retention
3 Prolonged bladder catheterization
-
Clot retention without surgical revision
3 Prolonged bladder irrigation
Clavien Grade II -
Massive hematuria
2 Transfusions
-
Urinary tract infection
4 Antibiotic treatment
Clavien Grade IIIb -
Remnant bladder stone
1 Reintervention for endoscopic cystolitholapaxy
-
Hemorrhage/clot retention
1 Cystoscopy, clot evacuation, monopolar coagulation
Total 14
  
Parameter Low experience (n = 33) Medium experience (n = 33) High experience (n = 33) p-Value
Total surgical time (min) 61.5 (46.5, 89.5) 55 (41.5, 67.5) 56.5 (39, 85) 0.361
Enucleation time (min) 18.4 (16, 22.7) 16.4 (12.3, 20.5) 17.4 (13.8, 20.3) 0.299
Delivered energy (J) 117 039.5 (102 230, 138 037) 100 867 (80 053, 118 264) 102 719.5 (82 284.5, 112 029.5) 0.054
Enucleation index (min/g) 0.3 (0.3, 0.3) 0.3 (0.2, 0.4) 0.3 (0.2, 0.4) 0.325
Energy index (J/g) 6476.2 (6054.5, 6594.9) 6117.4 (5910.9, 6497.8) 6005.7 (5754.7, 6312.5) 0.005
Hemoglobin drop (g/dL) -1.5 (-2.5, -0.6) -1.3 (-1.7, -0.7) -1.4 (-1.8, -0.5) 0.723
  
  
  
Parameter en bloc” ThuLEP (n = 100) p-Value*
IPSS scorea 3 (1, 6) <0.001
Delta IPSSa -28.0 (-30.5, -21.0) -
QoLa 1 (1, 2) <0.001
Qmax (mL/s)a 19 (17, 21) <0.001
Delta Qmax (mL/s)b 14.55 ± 4.6 -
Postoperative PSA (ng/mL)a 1.0 (0.6, 1.5) <0.001
  
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